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美研发出“倒置”架构钙钛矿电池,转化率达24%

发表于:2022-09-08 16:06:30     来源:科技日报 据科技日报报道,日前美国研究人员宣布开发出一种钙钛矿太阳能电池,其光电转化效率达24%,为同类报告中最高,且兼具稳定性。相关研究刊发于最新一期《自然》杂志。 这项研究由美国能源部国家可再生能源实验室(NREL)、托莱多大学、科罗拉多大学博尔德分校和加利福尼亚大学圣地亚哥分校的科学家携手完成。研究人员解释说,一种独特架构使新款电池能够获得24%的稳定光电转化效率,且在55℃下运行2400小时后,该电池仍保持原始效率的87%。 钙钛矿是指一种晶体结构,在过去十年中,该晶体结构因能有效捕捉阳光并将其转化为电能而广为人知,而钙钛矿太阳能电池的研究在很大程度上集中于如何提高其稳定性。 在最新研究中,科学家们使用了“倒置”架构,而非目前最高效率的“正常”架构。这两种架构之间的差异取决于层如何沉积在玻璃基板上。“倒置”钙钛矿结构以其高稳定性以及能集成为串联太阳能电池而闻名。 此外,NREL团队还在钙钛矿表面添加了一种新分子,这种分子与钙钛矿中的甲脒反应,在钙钛矿层表面产生了电场,提升了钙钛矿太阳能电池的效率及稳定性。 研究团队还报告称,新分子反应性表面工程可将“倒置”架构电池的效率从低于23%提高到25%以上,使其“效率和运行可靠性均创新高”。